倫倫的小blog

grain

n.穀粒 [ A small, dry, one-seeded fruit of a cereal grass, having the fruit and the seed walls united]

  ex. After harvest we store the grain.
  秋收之後,我們把糧食儲存了起來。

n.粒,細粒(ex.砂,鹽) [A relatively small discrete particulate or crystalline mass]

  ex. a grain of sand.

ps.

grain還可以指木,石,織物等的紋理

granite

n.花崗石 [a coarse-grained igneous rock(火成岩) composed chiefly of orthoclase(正長石) and albite feldspars and of quartz(石英), usually with lesser amounts of one or more other minerals, as mica, hornblende, or augite.]

字源：1646, from Fr. granit(e), from It. granito "granite," originally "grained," pp. of granire "granulate," from grano "grain," from L. granum "grain."

granite這個字最最先的源頭是拉丁文的graum，它指的就是grain顆粒的意思，因為在花崗岩上有很多顆粒，因為有這個特徵，所以就用graum來造出了這個字了。

ps.

字尾-ite：a suffix of nouns denoting esp. persons associated with a place, tribe, leader, doctrine, system, etc. (Campbellite; Israelite; laborite); minerals and fossils (ammonite; anthracite); explosives (cordite; dynamite); chemical compounds, esp. salts of acids whose names end in -ous (phosphite; sulfite); pharmaceutical and commercial products (vulcanite); a member or component of a part of the body (somite).

如果你看到-ite是個名詞尾，

1.它可以指的是人且由字根來形容此人，比方說 Israelite以色列人。israel

2.另外ite做結尾可以指礦物、化石等相關概念的東西。

3.其他的用法可指炸藥、化學物質之類的。

grandeur

grand(great)-eur(=er)

n.宏偉,壯觀 [the quality or state of being impressive or awesome]

 ex. the grandeur of the Alps(阿爾卑斯山脈).

grandeur <> frivolous adj.輕佻的

grandiose

grand(great)-i-ose(full of)

adj.誇張的 [affectedly grand or important; pompous]

adj.浮誇地宏偉的 [more complicated or elaborate than necessary; overblown]

  ex. grandiose plans that never work

-ose字尾：a suffix occurring in adjectives borrowed from Latin, meaning 「full of,」 「abounding in,」 「given to,」 「like」

-ose是個形容詞字尾，是來自於拉丁文，有"full of"的意思

grandstand

grand-stand

n.大看台(有棚的那種) [A roofed stand for spectators at a stadium or racetrack.]

v.譁眾取寵 [to conduct oneself or perform showily or ostentatiously in an attempt to impress onlookers]

  ex. The senator doesn't hesitate to grandstand if it makes her point.

grandstand:impress＝equivocate:deceive
譁眾取寵是為了留下印象＝含糊其詞是為了欺騙

grant

v.給予,授予 [ to bestow or confer, esp. by a formal act]

v.同意 [to agree or accede to]

  ex. He granted me my request.
  他答應了我的要求。

n.給予之物(ex.獎學金) [something granted, as a privilege or right, a sum of money, or a tract of land]

graphic

graph(write; draw)-ic

adj.繪畫的 [ pertaining to the use of diagrams, graphs, mathematical curves, or the like]

ps. graphic card 顯示卡

graphite

graph(write; draw)-ite

n.【礦】石墨

ps. 因為graphite可以用來寫，所以用graph字根來構成此字，字尾ite代表礦物

GR音如壓擠聲，以gr開頭的字，隱含「緊憋或緊張」

grasp

v.抓住 [To take hold of or seize firmly with or as if with the hand.]

  ex. The little girl grasped her mother's arm.
  小女孩抓住了她母親的手臂。

v.領會 [To take hold of intellectually; comprehend]

  ex. I don't grasp your meaning.
  我不懂你的意思。

n.抓住;領會

ps. grab vs. grasp

grab有「掠奪、抓取」之意，grasp則指是「抓牢、抱緊、領會、理解」，所以，在強調佔領奪取時用grab，若僅是抓牢某件事或領會某個道理，則用grasp

grasping

adj.緊緊抓住的

adj.貪婪的 [greedy; avaricious]

  ex. those grasping taxi drivers overcharge me.

先來看一個整理吧

**字根grate當pleasing"感激、滿意" 解時  [from 拉丁文gratus == pleasing ]

grateful           a.感激的

gratitude         n.感激

ingrate         n/a.忘恩的       // in-grat-iate        v.逢迎討好
                                          in-grat-iating      a.逢迎討好的

gratify              v.使滿意、使高興

gratification       n.滿意、高興       [ the state of being gratified ]

gratuity         n.小費          [小費代表感激] 

gratuitous      a.無緣無故的  [小費並不是一定要付的，引申成無緣無故]

gratis            a.不付款的、免費的

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不當字根時

grate         v.嘎吱磨碎， 使人煩躁  [from 古法文 grater<--希臘文kratzen(scratch)]

grating     adj.聲音刺耳的、惱人的

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grate

v.磨碎 [To reduce to fragments, shreds, or powder by rubbing against an abrasive surface]

  ex. Grate the carrot finely into small pieces.
  把胡蘿蔔擦成細絲

v.嘎吱作響 [to make a sound of, or as if of, rough scraping]

  ex. 用指甲抓金屬，就會嘎吱作響

  ex. The teacher's chalk grated on the blackboard.
  老師的粉筆在黑板上發出刺耳的摩擦聲。

v.使人煩躁 [to have an irritating or unpleasant effect]

  ex. His constant chatter grates on my nerves.

n.爐柵or壁爐(比較常見的使用方法，但..不考) ps.在物理中還可以當光柵optical grating

字源：from 古法文 grater<--希臘文kratzen(scratch)

grating

adj.咯吱作響的;刺耳的

adj.令人煩躁的

grateful

grate(pleasing)-ful

adj.感激的 [Appreciative of benefits received; thankful.]

  ex. I am grateful to have you help

gratify

grate(pleasing)-ify

v.使滿意、使高興 [To please or satisfy]

  ex. His achievement gratified his father.

gratify <> aggrieve v.使苦惱

gratification

grat-ification

n.滿意、高興 [ the state of being gratified; great satisfaction.]

  ex. His success is a great gratification to us.
  他的成功對我們是一大喜事。