倫倫的小blog

deprave & depraved & depravity

deprave

de-prav(是crook變過來的;彎曲)-e

v.墮落 [to make morally bad or evil; corrupt.]

depraved

de-prav((是crook變過)-ed

adj.墮落的;邪惡的

depravity

n.墮落;邪惡  [syn: corruption]

deprecate

de-prec(pray;祈禱)-ate

v.反對 [to express earnest disapproval of.]

v.輕視(被人誤用而來的)

depreciate

de-preci(price;價值)-ate

v.降低...的價值(或價格) [to lessen the value or price of.]

v.輕視 [to represent as of little value or merit; belittle.]

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易混淆的字根

prec  == pray  禱告

preci == price 價值

(praise)

比較

de-prec-ate    v.反對  [沒為之禱告-->反對]

de-preci-ate   v.輕視  [貶低價值--->輕視]

However, 這兩個字實在太像了
所以 deprecate 後來有輕視的意思

因此 deprecate   v.反對(原本)  v.輕視(被人誤用而來的)
       depreciate  v.輕視(原本)

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字根
prec  == pray  禱告

im-prec-ate         v.詛咒   [im做not解，不為之禱告-->詛咒]

im-prec-ation       n.詛咒

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字根
preci   == price 價值

praise          

ap-preci-ate        v.欣賞 [to value or regard highly] 、感激[to be grateful or thankful for]

ap-preci-able     adj.相當可觀的 [enough to be estimated or measured]

praise      n/v.讚揚

appraise      v.估價、去評價 [to estimate the monetary value of]  

//apprise     v.通知 [to give notice to; inform; advise]

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depress & depressed & depression

depress

de-press(v.壓)

v.使沮喪,使消沈

depress <> bulge  v.使膨脹

depressed

adj.沮喪的,消沈的,憂鬱的

depression

n.沮喪，憂鬱

n.不景氣,蕭條(期) [嚴重][a period during which business, employment, and stock-market values decline severely or remain at a very low level of activity.]

deprive & deprivation

deprive

de-priv(=private)-e [去rob, 去佔有己有: 使人喪失]

v.剝奪 [To take something away from]

  ex. they were deprived of a normal childhood by the war.

deprivation

n.剝奪

n.免職 [A removal of rank or office.]

depute & deputy

depute

de-put(think)-e

v.指定...為代理人 [ to appoint as one's substitute, representative, or agent.]

computer n.電腦

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易混淆的字根

put  ==  to think;想 ex. computer   n.電腦

pon  ==  to put;放   ex.  postpone v.使延期  compound
pound                          

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deputy

de-put(think)-y

n.代理人 [a person appointed or authorized to act as a substitute for another or others.]

n.副手  [An assistant exercising full authority in the absence of his or her superior and equal authority in emergencies]

   ex.a deputy to the sheriff(警長).

understudy:star＝deputy:sheriff 
替補演員代替明星＝副警長代替警長

deracinate

de-rac(root)-inate

v. 滅絕 [to pull up by the roots;  extirpate; eradicate.]

deracinate <> plant  v.種植

ps.

radical

adj.根本的,基本的

adj.【數】根的  n.漢字的)偏旁,部首

adj.極端的        n.(常大寫)激進分子

eradicate

e-rad-icate

v.滅絕[to pull up by the roots]

deranged

de-range(order)-d

adj.紊亂的;瘋狂的 [disordered; insane.]

derelict & dereliction

derelict

de-relict(L. relinquere,leave)

adj.怠忽職守的=delinquent [neglectful of duty]

adj.被拋棄了的 [left or deserted, as by the owner or guardian; abandoned]

  ex. a derelict ship.

n.怠忽職守的人、被遺棄的人

stickler:derelict＝poseur:unaffected
堅持己見的人不會是怠忽職守的的＝裝模做樣的人不會是自然的

ps.

delinquency

n.怠忽職守 [ neglect of duty or obligation]

n.少年犯罪   ex. Juvenile delinquency.

relinquish

re-linqu(leave)-ish

v.放棄[ to give up]

v.交出 [ surrender (a possession, right, etc.)]

relic n.遺蹟

dereliction

n.怠忽職守 [ deliberate or conscious neglect; negligence; delinquency]

  ex.dereliction of duty.

n.遺棄 [the act of abandoning something.]