倫倫的小blog

grenade

n.手榴彈

1525–35; < F < Sp granada pome granate (石榴)

grenade來自法文，原本指的是一種果實，叫做石榴

grieve

v.使悲傷 [to feel great sorrow]

ex. She was grieving for the dead baby.
她為死去的孩子悲傷

字源：grieve來自 grave，就是heavy沉重的意思 ，悲傷就是使人沉重吧

grievous

griv e -ous

adj.令人悲痛的  [causing grief or great sorrow]

ex. When the grievous news came, she was choked with tears.

adj.極嚴重的 [Serious or dire; grave]

ex. a grievous crime.

grief

n.悲傷 [ intense sorrow caused by loss of a loved one (especially by death) ]

n.不幸 [something that causes great unhappiness]

muffle:sound＝assuage:grief
減弱聲音使聲音降低＝撫慰使悲傷減少

grievance

grieve-ance

n.不平 [ a wrong considered as grounds for complaint, or something believed to cause distress]

ex. Inequitable taxation is the chief grievance.

n.抱怨,牢騷 [a complaint, as against an unjust or unfair act]

ex. to have a grievance against someone.

ps. redress the grievance of 打抱不平

grill

n.烤肉架

v.炙烤 [To broil on a gridiron.]

v.拷問,盤問 [To torture or afflict as if by broiling; To question relentlessly; cross-examine.]

ex. At the police station, she was grilled for twenty-four hours.
她在警察局被拷問了二十四小時。

ps.

grill 放在烤架上

roast 像烤乳豬整隻在火上烤

grim

adj.冷酷的, 可怕的 [Unrelenting; rigid; Ghastly; sinister]

ex. We had a grim struggle before we won.
我們經歷了一場惡鬥才贏得勝利。

字源： bef. 900; ME, OE; c. OS, OHG grimm, ON grimmr

grim是來自古挪威語的

grimace

n.怪相,鬼臉 [a facial expression, often ugly or contorted, that indicates disapproval, pain, etc .]

ex. Thomas made a grimace after he had tasted the wine.
湯瑪斯嚐了那葡萄酒後做了個鬼臉。

v.作怪相,扮鬼臉

字源：French, from Old French grimache , alteration of grimuche , probably from Frankish *grīma , mask .

grimace是從古法文而來的，在法蘭克語中grima是指的面具mask的意思

chagrin:mind＝grimace:face
懊惱是情緒不好＝面部扭曲是臉不好

grin

v.露齒而笑 [to smile broadly, esp. as an indication of pleasure, amusement, or the like.]

ex.黑人牙膏的笑容

ex. grin <> pout v.噘嘴

grind

v.磨 [to wear, smooth, or sharpen by abrasion or friction]

ex. to grind a lens.

ex. The flour was ground from barley.
這麵粉用大麥碾成。

n. 【口】苦差使;單調的事

ex. Hans finds learning Chinese a grind.
漢斯覺得學習漢語是件苦事。

ps.1 grindstone  n.磨刀石

ps.2 have an axe to grind 比喻人說某話，做某事別有用心，另有企圖

富蘭克林小的時候，有一天一個人帶把斧頭來到他家住所，想利用他父親的砂輪磨斧頭。可是沒有人替他搖轉砂輪。那人走到富蘭克林面前，說了一番讚美砂輪的話，然後，要富蘭克林教他看看砂輪怎麼轉動。年幼的富蘭克林欣然答應了他的請求，把砂輪旋轉起來。那人趁此機會便在上面磨他的斧頭。一邊磨，一邊花言巧語 誇獎富蘭克林，使富蘭克林聽得心裡怪高興的，搖得越來越歡，以致雙手打起了水泡，疼痛難忍。那人把斧頭磨好了，卻對富蘭克林手上的疼痛置之一笑。噢，原來 那人甜言蜜語讚美砂輪，奉承富蘭克林是為了磨他的那把斧頭，根據這個故事，人們後來便常常用have an axe to grind一語來比喻人說某話，做某事別有用心，另有企圖

gripe

v.絞痛,腹痛 [to suffer pain in the bowels.]

v.【口】抱怨,發牢騷 [ Informal . to complain naggingly or constantly; grumble.]

字源：gripe 與 grip常常有人記不清楚兩者的字意，其實只要瞭解字的發展就可以很好吸收唷，grip的意思是抓緊的意思，而gripe的意思就是指"腸被抓緊了"，所以借指"絞痛,腹痛"，後來演變成口語中的"抱怨,發牢騷"

gripping

adj. 吸引住人的 [capable of arousing and holding the attention]

ex. gripping stories
扣人心弦的故事

adj.握的

ps. gripping power 抓地力

*抱怨系列

gripe           v.抱怨     // grip v.抓緊

grouch     n/v.抱怨

grouse        v.抱怨

grumble      v.抱怨

*抓住系列

grasp           n/v.抓住、領會

grasping      adj.貪心的

grip              v.抓緊                  //   gripe   v.抱怨

gripping    adj.引起人注意的

grisly

adj.恐怖的、可怕的 [causing a shudder or feeling of horror; horrible; gruesome ]

ex. a night of grisly dreams

reveiw：以gr開頭的字，隱含「緊憋或緊張」

grisly

gruesome

gristle

n.軟骨 [cartilage, esp. in meats.]

ex. chewing life's gristle, don't grumble (from "Always Look On The Bright Side")

字源：O.E. gristle "cartilage," related to grost "gristle,"

gristle是在中世紀的英文中被創造出的，gristle就是cartilage的意思。

grit

n.砂礫 [Minute rough granules, as of sand or stone.]

ex. a piece of grit in my shoe.

n.膽量 [ Informal Indomitable spirit; pluck.]

ex. Mountaineering in a blizzard needs a lot of grit.
在暴風雪中登山需要極大的膽量.

v.咬緊(牙) [To clamp (the teeth) together.]

字源：Middle English gret ,  from Old English grēot ."sand, dust, earth, gravel"

grit最先指的是"sand, dust, stone"一類的東西，可以追尋於古英文的greot這個字，

後來在美語中有rough的意思，而發展成膽量的意思唷

音：近似great  如果你有勇氣(grit)，我就會誇你great﹗