genus
n.[生物] 屬 [ Biology A taxonomic category ranking below a family and above a species and generally consisting of a group of species exhibiting similar characteristics. In taxonomic nomenclature the genus name is used, either alone or followed by a Latin adjective or epithet, to form the name of a specie]
life --> Domain --> Kingdom --> Phylum
界 門
--> Class --> Order
綱 目
Family --> Genus --> Species
科 屬 種
ps. 如果你知道一些口訣來背這些分類的話,可以參考 這一篇
geometry
geo(地球)-meter(測量)-y
n. 幾何學 [The mathematics of the properties, measurement, and relationships of points, lines, angles, surfaces, and solids.]
ex. 任意兩個點可以通過一條直線連接。
geometric
geo-meter-ic
adj.幾何的
geometrician
geometric-ian
n.幾何學家 [a person skilled in geometry]
germ
n.微生物 [a microorganism, esp. when disease-producing]
n.胚芽 [The earliest form of an organism; a seed, bud]
字源:1400-50; late ME < MF germe < L germen shoot, sprout, by dissimilation from *genmen, equiv. to gen- (see genitor, genus ) + -men resultative n. suffix)
germ來自拉丁文的 germen ,是發芽的意思,其中拉丁字germen的ger=gen; 而men是字尾。
ps.1 germ warfare( biological warfare ):細菌戰,軍事上將致病生物媒介如細菌和病毒等用於人、畜或植物,以及對抗這些生物媒介的手段
ps.2 germ theory:認為某些疾病是由於微生物侵入體內而引起的
germane
germ-an-e
adj.有密切關係的 [closely or significantly related; relevant]
ex. your statements are germane to the issue.
字源:germane 是由 german變化而來的,Middle English germain , having the same parents, closely connected
ps.1 german [germ-an] adj.同父母的
ps.2
German n.德國人;德語 adj.德國的;德語的
Germany n. 德國
germicide
germ-i-cide(殺)
n.殺菌劑 [an agent for killing germs or microorganisms.]
germinate
germin(=germ; seed, bud)-ate
v.發芽 [ to begin to grow or develop]
ex. Seeds need water and warmth to germinate.
種子發芽需要水和溫度。
gerontocracy
geront(old age)-o-cracy(rule)
n.老人政治 [Government based on rule by elders.]
ps. from wiki 老人政治是指一個國家的領導成員年齡老化的情況嚴重,一個國家的領導權都掌握在年齡老化的人手中。老人政治可被視作為一種穩定的政治,但由於大多數對國家大事採取拖延等政策,而不會按情況隨機應變
gerontology
geront(old age)-ology(學科)
n.老人科學 [the branch of science that deals with aging and the problems of aged persons]
note: 研究人老化後身體產生的變化,以及老化產生的問題
gerrymander
Gerry + sala mander(n.蠑螈)
v.為一黨私利而重新將(某地)劃分選區 [To divide (a geographic area) into voting districts so as to give unfair advantage to one party in elections. ]
ps
傑瑞‧蠑螈劃分模式(Gerrymander),又名為不公正的劃分選區。
此名詞源自於1812年美國麻薩諸塞州州長傑瑞(Gerry),
在該州參議員選舉中重新劃分選區,
將反對黨的票源集中在少數地區,
使其所屬的共和黨獲得較多當選席次,各選區在形狀上於是變得離奇突兀。
由於其中有個選區形狀像隻蠑螈(Salamander),被一位記者發現,
靈機一動,於是將州長名字與蠑螈合組成此一新字。
其後人們對此類只求勝選,任意調整選區的作法,皆稱之為Gerrymander。
rig:contest=gerrymander:district
競賽中舞弊=選區中作弊
gesture
n.姿勢;手勢 [A motion of the limbs or body made to express or help express thought or to emphasize speech.]
ex. Handshake is a gesture of friendship.
握手是一種友好的表示。
ps.
如果你已經知道這個字了,就不用去記字根了;
其實gesture的字根,我們有講過唷,它是gest,帶來的意思。
geyser /ˋɡaɪzɚ/
n.噴泉;間歇泉 [A natural hot spring that intermittently ejects a column of water and steam into the air.]
ps.1
冰島首都Reykjavík(雷克雅維克)附近的間歇泉,是已知最古老的間歇泉
ps.2
geyser(天然的噴泉) vs fountain(人造的噴泉)