倫倫的小blog

despot & despotic & despotism

despot

des(dems-;house)-pot(posis;husband) [原意為master of the house]

n.專制君主,暴君 [a king or other ruler with absolute, unlimited power; autocrat.]

ps.despot
a Byzantine emperor or prince.
拜占庭是政教合一的唷，所以國王有很大的權力

聯想：des + pot(potential能力) tyrant

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autocrat

n.獨裁者,專制君主

autonomy

auto(self)-nomy(custom,law)

n.自治權 [independence or freedom, as of the will or one's actions]

n.有自主權的國家

despotic

despot-ic

adj.暴君的 [belonging to or having the characteristics of a despot ]

adj.暴虐的

adj.專制的

despotic:tyranny

despotism

despot-ism

n.專制政治;暴政

destitution

de-stitut(stand)-ion   [stat-us-->stitus]

n.窮困;缺乏 [lack of the means of subsistence(賴以活命的東); utter poverty.]

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stitute特輯

destitute     adj.極度窮困的

constitute        v.構成

constituent     n.構成的成分、選區內的選民

constitution    n.憲法

institute            n.協會 v.創建  [a organization for carrying on a particular work, ex literary, science]

institution          n.協會、制度

institutionalize    v.使制度化

restitute           v.賠償、歸還

reconstitute     v.重新組成、使復原( 通過加水使濃縮液或粉末恢復成平常的濃度 )

/ reconstruct  v.重建

substitute    v.代替  n.代用品

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desultory

de(down)-sult(jump)-ory

adj. 散漫的;不連貫[lacking in consistency]

ex. desultory thoughts

desultory:plan＝languid:energy
散漫的缺乏計畫＝疲倦的缺乏精力

detach & detached

detach

de(=dis)-tach(attach)

v. 分開,拆卸[To separate or unfasten]

 ex. detach a check from the checkbook

detached

adj.分開的[not attached; separated]

adj.不帶感情的;公平的;超然的 [ impartial or objective; unbiased]

  ex. a detached judgment.

detached <> tether-ed 束縛的

detain

de-tain(hold, keep)

v.留住;使耽擱 [to keep from proceeding; keep waiting; delay.]

v.拘留,扣留 [To keep in custody or temporary confinement]

  ex. The police detained several suspects for questioning.

detect & detection

detect

v.發現;偵查到 [discover or determine the existence, or fact of]

 ex. She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water

detection

detect-ion

n.發現,偵查

  ex.The detection of crime
  偵查罪行

  camouflage:detection
  偽裝防止被發現

deter

de-ter(=terr; frighten)

v.威懾住,嚇住

   ex. Failure did not deter him from trying again.

   ps. deter <> spur  v.刺激

detergent

de-terg(rub,wipe)-gent

n.洗潔劑 [A cleansing substance that acts similarly to soap but is made from chemical compounds rather than fats and lye(就是肥皂的成分).]

deteriorate & deterioration

deteriorate

v.惡化;質量(或價值)下降 [ to make or become worse in character, quality, value, etc.]

ps.

deterior

[de指down, ter原來的意思是空間的方向, ior是拉丁文的比較級]

-rior 比較級

ex.

superior  (地位等)較高的 // inferior (地位等)低等的

exterior 外部的   // interior 內部的

deterioration

n.惡化,變壞;退化