倫倫的小blog

private

priv(individual)-ate

adj.私有的 [intended for or restricted to the use of a particular person, group, or class]

ps. private也可以指在當兵中的rank，private是最低階的。

字源：late 14c., from L. privatus "set apart, belonging to oneself" (not to the state), used in contrast to publicus, communis

from L. privus "one's own, individual"

privacy

priv(individual)-acy

n. [state of being alone or undisturbed; freedom from interference or public attention ]

ex. A high wall round the estate protected their privacy. 莊園周圍有一堵高牆, 使他們不受外界打擾.

privation /praɪˋveʃən/

n. [If you suffer privation or privations, you have to live without many of the things that are thought to be necessary in life, such as food, clothing, or comfort.]

ps. it is an old-fashioned word, deprivation (p. 140) is more common.

ex. His life of privation began to affect his health.

字源：mid-14c., "action of depriving,", from L. privationem  (nom. privatio ) "a taking away," from privatus,  pp. of privare  "deprive"

Meaning "want of life's comforts or of some necessity" is attested from 1790.

privilege

priv(individual)-i-leg(law)-e

n.[a right or immunity granted as a peculiar benefit, advantage, or favor]

ps.  if you have a library card, you have borrowing privileges.

ps. 也可以當動詞：to privilege students from poor backgrounds

字源：from privus "individual" + lex (gen. legis ) "law." 也就是a law for just one person

probe

v. [to search into and explore very thoroughly]

ex. the police probed the man's disappearance.

ex. to probe her finances to make sure that she has a good track record.

n.  [something that probes, examines, or tests]

ex. space probe

字源：from M.L. proba " examination ," in L.L . "test, proof, " from L. probare  (see prove).

VOYAGER Mission

probity

prob e -ity

n. [integrity and uprightness; honesty.]

proboscis /prəˋbɑsɪs/

n. wiki: In general, a proboscis is an elongated appendage from the head of an animal, either a vertebrate or an invertebrate

n. [the trunk of an elephant.]

字源： First attested in English in 1609 from Latin proboscis, the latinisation of the Greek προβοσκίς (proboskis), which comes from πρό (pro) "forth, forward, before" + βόσκω (bosko), "to feed, to nourish"

ps. Proboscis monkey

proceeds

pro(forth)-ceed(to go)-s

n.收入, 收益  (售物或從事某種表演活動等所獲得的) [money obtained by selling sth, presenting a performance,etc; profits]

ex. They gave a concert and donated the proceeds to charity . 他們舉辦了一次音樂會, 把收入捐給了慈善機構.

procession

n. [number of people, vehicles, etc moving along in an orderly way, esp as part of a ceremony or demonstration]

ex. funeral procession

ex. wedding procession

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小整理

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proclaim

v.宣告; 聲明 [make (sth) known officially or publicly in either speech or writing]

ex. I proclaim the Olympic Games open.

ps. proclamation 在之前只有指King的宣告唷。

review p.188

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claim       v/n. (根據權利)要求、主張

acclaim    v. 歡呼、喝采(熱情地、公開地) [acclaim the winner of a race]

declaim   v.演說或朗誦(慷慨激昂地)                  [向下喊-->演說]

disclaim   v.放棄權利、拒絕承認(與別人的關係)  [宣稱claim 分離dis-->放棄]

(she disclaimed the ownership of the car)

(to sign a disclaimer of liability.)

exclaim     v.驚叫、呼喊 (因疼痛、憤怒、驚奇) ; exclamation mark

ex.  "stop" he exclaims.

proclaim    v.宣告、公佈  [to announce in an official or formal manner]

(proclaim a public holiday)

reclaim     v.開墾土地, 喚回，(有call or bring sth. back 的意味存在)

[to bring uncultivated areas into a condition for cultivation or other use]

ex. Applicants can face delays in reclaiming their benefits when short-term jobs come to an end, potentially leaving them out of pocket, the report said.

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procrastinate /prəʊˈkræstɪˌneɪt/

pro(forth)-crastin( L. cars ; tomorrow)-ate

v.拖延 [to put off intentionally the doing of something that should be done ]

PS. procrastination通常是因為因為懶惰而的拖延，比方說寫報告的時候，沒什麼靈感，乾脆先來打場電好好了...然後就會發生procrastination了。

proctor

n. [a person appointed to keep watch over students at examinations.]

字源：procure-er的字型變化; from L. procuratorem  "manager, agent, deputy," from procurare  (see procure).

procure

pro-cure(take care)

v. 取得某事物 (尤指費心或費力)[ obtain sth, esp with care or effort ]

ex. The book is out of print and difficult to procure. 那書已絕版, 很難弄到手

procurement

n.獲得 [the act or process of procuring especially : the obtaining of military supplies by a government]

ex. the procurement of goods, raw materials, supplies, weapons

ex. The procurement of the weapons for the war is vital